---
url: "https://questionstar.com/principles-of-survey-research/chapter-5/slide-189.html"
title: "Hypothesis Testing"
type: "lehrbuch-slide"
chapter: 5
chapterTitle: "Data Analysis: A Concise Overview of Statistical Techniques"
slide: 189
---

# Hypothesis Testing

*Analogy: innocence in a criminal trial. H₀: The defendant is innocent.*

Step 2 · Setting the significance level

Analogy: **innocence in a criminal trial.** H₀ : The defendant is innocent.

Significance (α) — probability that a **true** null hypothesis is rejected.

β — probability that a **false** null hypothesis is accepted.

Convicting an innocent person ↓

|  | Null hypothesis (H₀) is true | Null hypothesis (H₀) is false |
|------|------|------|
| Null hypothesis reject | Type I errorFalse positive | Correct decisionTrue positive |
| Null hypothesis do NOT reject | Correct decisionTrue negative | Type II errorFalse negative |

↑ Releasing a criminal

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*Slide 189 of 274 · Chapter 5: Data Analysis: A Concise Overview of Statistical Techniques · Principles of Survey Research · Dr. Paul Marx*