---
url: "https://questionstar.com/principles-of-survey-research/chapter-5/slide-192.html"
title: "Hypothesis Testing"
type: "lehrbuch-slide"
chapter: 5
chapterTitle: "Data Analysis: A Concise Overview of Statistical Techniques"
slide: 192
---

# Hypothesis Testing

*Our example is about the distribution of non-metric variables (rare/frequent internet use; men/women) in one sample.*

Step 3 · Choosing the appropriate test statistic

Our example is about the **distribution of non-metric variables** (rare/frequent internet use; men/women) in **one sample** .

| Sample | Applied to | Scale level | Test statistics / Comments |
|------|------|------|------|
| One sample | Distributions | Non-metric | Kolmogorov-Smirnov and χ² test for goodness of fit; runs test for randomness; binomial test for dichotomous variables |
| Means | Metric | t-test (variance unknown); z-test (variance known) |  |
| Proportions | Metric | z-test |  |
| Two independent samples | Distributions | Non-metric | Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for agreement of distributions between two samples |
| Means | Metric | Two-sample t-test; F-test for equality of variances |  |
| Proportions | Metric, Non-metric | z-test; χ² test |  |
| Ranks / Medians | Non-metric | Mann-Whitney U-test (more sensitive than the median test) |  |
| Paired samples | Means | Metric | Paired-difference t-test |
| Proportions | Non-metric | McNemar test for binary variables; χ² test |  |
| Ranks / Medians | Non-metric | Wilcoxon signed-rank test (more sensitive than the sign test) |  |

---

*Slide 192 of 274 · Chapter 5: Data Analysis: A Concise Overview of Statistical Techniques · Principles of Survey Research · Dr. Paul Marx*