---
url: "https://questionstar.com/principles-of-survey-research/chapter-5/slide-202.html"
title: "Testing the Strength of a Relationship"
type: "lehrbuch-slide"
chapter: 5
chapterTitle: "Data Analysis: A Concise Overview of Statistical Techniques"
slide: 202
---

# Testing the Strength of a Relationship

*χ² tests only the significance of a relationship and says nothing about its strength.*

χ² tests only the **significance** of a relationship and says nothing about its **strength** .

Simple proof: doubling all the values in the cross-tabulation doubles χ² — but the relationship itself stays the same.

Measures of the strength of a relationship are:

φ

Phi Coefficient

Contingency Coefficient

Cramer's V

λ

Lambda Coefficient

---

*Slide 202 of 274 · Chapter 5: Data Analysis: A Concise Overview of Statistical Techniques · Principles of Survey Research · Dr. Paul Marx*