FormClosed
vs. Open
Questions
- Closed: choice from predefined answer options.
+ easy to analyze, no cognitive stress
− automatic, unconsidered answers
- Open: answer options not predefined.
+ unlimited possibilities, taxes the memory
− complex coding, refusal possible
Analysisclosed → easy to evaluate · open → rich, but labor-intensive
ApproachDirect
vs. Indirect
Questions
- Direct: the question targets the matter of interest directly.
- Indirect: the matter is inferred through an indirect formulation — sparing sensitive or hard-to-articulate topics.
Examplesdirect: "Do you drink alcohol every day?"
indirect: "Which beverages do you prefer with meals?"
